What is cortisol?
Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys. Cortisol is known as a glucocorticoid hormone, meaning it influences the metabolism of glucose, protein and fats. The production and release of cortisol are regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a complex network involving the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland and the adrenal glands.
The role of cortisol in the stress response
When the body perceives a threat, the hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). This signals the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol into the bloodstream. This cascade of events is part of the body's "fight-or-flight" response, a physiological reaction to perceived harmful events, attacks, or threats to survival.
Cortisol has several key functions during the stress response, including mobilising energy, modulating the immune response, impacting adrenaline and blood vessels, as well as influencing the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, ensuring that the body can efficiently use nutrients to cope with stress.
Chronic stress and cortisol
While cortisol is vital for handling acute stress, chronic stress can lead to the dysregulation of cortisol. Prolonged elevated cortisol can:
- Impair cognitive function: Excessive cortisol can affect the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory and learning. Chronic high levels of cortisol are associated with memory problems and cognitive dysfunction.
- Impact the immune system: While cortisol’s anti-inflammatory effects are beneficial in the short term, long-term suppression of the immune system can make the body more susceptible to illness.
- Lead to weight gain: Chronic high cortisol can lead to increased appetite and cravings for high-calorie foods, contributing to weight gain.
- Cardiovascular issues: Sustained high cortisol can influence heart health.
- Mood regulation: The constant activation of the stress response can wear down the body and the mind.
Managing stress
Managing stress is an essential part of having healthy cortisol regulation in the body. Here are some stress management strategies that may help:
- Regular exercise: Physical activity promotes the release of endorphins, which are natural stress relievers.
- Healthy diet: Eating a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins can support adrenal health. Avoid excessive caffeine and sugar.
- Adequate sleep: Quality sleep is crucial. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep per night and maintain a consistent sleep schedule.
- Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Practices such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can help activate the parasympathetic nervous system, which counteracts the stress response.
- Social support: Building strong social connections and having a support system can help buffer the effects of stress.
- Time management: Organising tasks and managing time effectively can reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed, thereby lowering stress.
Herbs of Gold Stress Ease contains a blend of herbs to support a healthy stress response in the body. Stress Ease contains Rhodiola, traditionally used in Western herbal medicine (WHM) as an adaptogen to relieve the symptoms of stress and fatigue. Herbs of Gold Stress Ease also contains Licorice, traditionally used in WHM to support healthy adrenal gland function.
Always read the label and follow the directions for use.
